Central America appears to be struggling with the development of the aviation industry, preventing some nations from accessing the economic and social benefits the industry can bring.
According to new insights released by the International Air Transport Association (IATA), the industry is not developing at an equal pace in all countries in the region.
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“Some countries in the region are having greater success in unlocking aviation’s benefits to support economic and social development,” Peter Cerda, IATA’s regional vice president, The Americas said during a speech at Aviation Day Central America, which was organized by IATA, the Airline Association of Costa Rica (ALA), and the Latin American and Caribbean Air Transport Association (ALTA).
Cerda urged governments across Central America to work with the industry to maximize the benefits that aviation can bring.
“Aviation supports over 859,000 jobs and makes a $17.9 billion contribution in gross value added to the combined GDP of the seven Central American countries,” Cerda added.
In Panama, for example, 14 percent of GDP and 238,000 jobs are supported by air transport and foreign arrivals, while in Belize, aviation supports fully 33 percent of the country’s GDP, according to IATA.
By contrast, in Guatemala, just one percent of GDP is supported by air transport, while in Honduras, the figure is a mere three percent.
To help drive the benefits of aviation connectivity to new heights, IATA suggested countries should take a variety of steps including aligning their aviation regulatory framework with global best practices; ensure competitive costs and efficient administration in airports through open communication with the industry; and ensure transparency and participation of the industry in infrastructure planning and development across Central America.
IATA said that unfortunately, there are too many examples where this formula is not currently being followed.
In Guatemala, for example, airlines face potential tax penalties due to the tax authority’s non-recognition of the use of globally-accepted cost allocation formulas to calculate the taxable amount corresponding to the airlines’ operations in Guatemala.
IATA and other stakeholders are working with the Guatemalan government and the industry to resolve this issue and ensure Guatemala follows globally-accepted best practices and principles related to taxation of aviation.
“Even in countries where governments understand the importance of aviation as a catalyst for growth, there are opportunities to do more,” IATA said.
In Panama, a court awarded more than $1 million in damages in a cargo claim brought against an airline. This far exceeds the liability limits for cargo claims contained within the Montreal Convention, to which Panama has fully acceded. IATA has intervened in the case, which is currently on appeal.
Countries also need to prepare to accommodate an additional 421 million passengers across the Latin American region by 2036.
“Within Central America, San Jose (Costa Rica) and Tegucigalpa (Honduras), need new airports, while Panama Tocumen requires a third runway as well as much-needed airspace modernization that the government is undertaking. In El Salvador, the terminal at San Salvador also requires expansion,” Cerda said.
“Owing to its geographic location, Central America is well-positioned to increase the economic gains that aviation can deliver. The recipe for success is not complicated but it requires all stakeholders working together in partnership. We see differing approaches to how governments approach aviation. This presents an opportunity to learn from the true success stories in the region,” said Cerda.
